1. Definition:
An adverbial clause is a dependent clause used as an adverb, it therefore can modify a verb, an adjective, a verbal, another adverb or a sentence.
For example:
- John went home early. (Adverb)
- John went home as soon as he could. (Adverbial clause)
2. The Functions:
a. Showing time; when, whenever, while, since, after, before, until, as.
e.g.: - He read religious books when he had a free time.
- He wanted to be a lawyer since he was young.
b. Showing Place; where, wherever.
e.g.: - I have always lived where I was born.
- We will study wherever we are.
c. Showing Manner; as, as if.
e.g.: - I will do as I have been instructed.
- He acted as if he owned the place.
d. Showing Comparison; as, than.
d. Showing Comparison; as, than.
e.g.: - I can't swim as well as he does.
- I can swim better than he does.
e. Showing reason, cause, purpose; as, because, since, so that, in order that, for fear that
e. Showing reason, cause, purpose; as, because, since, so that, in order that, for fear that
e.g.: - I will not come because you have come.
- I will study hard so that I can pass the exams.
- I studied hard so that I could pass the exams.
f. Showing result; so.....that, such.....that.
f. Showing result; so.....that, such.....that.
e.g.: - This book was so interesting that I like to study with.
- It was such an interesting book that I like to read it all nights.
g. Showing condition; if, whether, unless, provided, on condition that, so long as, as long as, supposing (that).
e.g.: - He will sign the contract if it is satisfactory.
- He would sign the contract if it were satisfactory
- I will sign it whether it is satisfactory or not.
h. Showing contrast, concession; although, though, even though, no matter if, even if, wherever, whenever, whatever, whereas.
h. Showing contrast, concession; although, though, even though, no matter if, even if, wherever, whenever, whatever, whereas.
e.g.: - Although I was a bright student, I was not ambitious.
- Whenever I spoke, they always listened attentively.
- Whereas a cap can be an obstacle to me, it was a reason for trying harder
Note: in general, the adverbial clauses can be called the dependent clauses since the forms are followed by Subject + Verb.
For example:
- I will come to the party because I have an invitation.
independent clause conjunction dependent clause
- He can not go out unless he has enough fund for it.
independent clause conjunction dependent clause
- I am always bored even if she attracted me.
independent clause conjunction dependent clause
Note: in general, the adverbial clauses can be called the dependent clauses since the forms are followed by Subject + Verb.
For example:
- I will come to the party because I have an invitation.
independent clause conjunction dependent clause
- He can not go out unless he has enough fund for it.
independent clause conjunction dependent clause
- I am always bored even if she attracted me.
independent clause conjunction dependent clause
3. Exercise:
Combine the sentences with the suitable conjunction in the brackets!
1) He eats food. He feels hungry
(when, where)
2) The old man talked. The old man knew everything.
(as, as if)
3) I cannot stop eating it. The fried chicken is delicious.
(so....that, such....that)
4) You love me. I don't care who you are.
(as long as, as soon as)
5) He does not have a car. He is very rich.
(although, even)
6) She is arrogant. She does not have any friends.
(because, than)
7) He wears a hat. He goes out.
(wherever, whenever)
8) Mother invites her friends for dinner. Mother cooks a lot food.
(in order that, whereas)
9) Tiara puts the book in the bookshelf. Tiara finishes reading the book.
(after, before)
10) Brian wants to know. I was born.
(where, though)
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